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The Aceh War (1873–1904) between the Sultanate of Aceh and Dutch colonists is highlighted on this map of Groot-Atjeh in 1876. Flag symbols mark the locations of Dutch military posts, and some villages are described as ‘verbrande [burnt]’.

Two geological maps and four sectional drawings showing the Krakatoa volcano before and after its 1883 eruption.

Nine maps of the effects of the 1883 Krakatoa volcanic eruption, including on Rakata Island itself, and Calmeyer Island (formed by the eruption). Other maps use brown shading to show the flooding of nearby islands and settlements by ensuing tsunamis.

A map of the effects of the 1883 Krakatoa volcanic eruption. The orange line is the islands’ outline pre-eruption; the red line is the boundary of the collapsed area. Red numbers are sea depth. Pre- and post-eruption sizes of the islands are listed.

The Aceh War (1873–1904) between the Sultanate of Aceh and Dutch colonists is highlighted on this map of Groot-Atjeh in 1876. Flag symbols mark the locations of Dutch troops, while a red line records the route marched by ‘agitating troops’ in 1875-6.

The Aceh War (1873–1904) between the Sultanate of Aceh and Dutch colonists is highlighted on this map of Groot-Atjeh in 1876. Flag symbols mark the locations of Dutch troops, while a red line records the route marched by ‘agitating troops’ in 1875-6.

This map of Billiton (Belitung, Indonesia) features details of the island’s mining operations: blue borders divide the island into five mining districts, within which mines are represented by red crosses with an identifying number.

Map of the city of Malang, Java, featuring the railway station, military camp, hospital, market etc. The surrounding area has villages, rivers and crops: rice (paddy) fields, coffee, alang-alang, bamboo. Red numbers represent height above sea-level.

Four-sheet topographic map of the residency of Rembang (Central Java) divided into regencies (pink borders) and districts (yellow borders). Crops—coconut, rice, coffee, bamboo, alang-alang, sugarcane—as well as salt pans and fishing ponds are shown.

A topographical and geological map of southern Sumatra, over four sheets. Areas of igneous and sedimentary rock, coal, fossils, petroleum, active volcanoes and hot springs are marked, along with mountains, rivers and marshland, roads and settlements.

Multiple maps from the Aceh War, spread over 12 sheets. Includes maps of fortifications, trenches, battle formations; building plans, including the Aceh Sultan’s palace; topographic maps; and drawings of a ‘kotta mara’ (fortified raft).

The use of hachures—short lines/dashes that give a sense of the shape and steepness of terrain—highlight the mountain ranges along the west coast of Sumatra, with rivers flowing east. There is an inset map of the residency of Groot-Atjih (Aceh).