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The use of hachures—short lines/dashes that give a sense of the shape and steepness of terrain—highlight the mountain ranges along the west coast of this map of Sumatra. Many rivers flow east from the mountains to the Malacca Strait.

A topographical and geological map of southern Sumatra, over four sheets. Areas of igneous and sedimentary rock, coal, fossils, petroleum, active volcanoes and hot springs are marked, along with mountains, rivers and marshland, roads and settlements.

Produced by the British Admiralty’s Hydrographic Office, this map includes various navigational aids, such as maritime routes, bathymetry (sea depth), tide and current data, and elevations (side views of hills and mountains to use as landmarks).

The use of hachures—short lines/dashes that give a sense of the shape and steepness of terrain—highlight the mountain ranges along the west coast of Sumatra, with rivers flowing east. There is an inset map of the residency of Groot-Atjih (Aceh).

Four-sheet topographic map of the residency of Kediri (East Java), divided into regencies (pink borders) and districts (yellow borders). Mountains, forests, settlements, routes and crops—sugarcane, alang-alang, rice, coffee, sugar, nutmeg—are shown.

A late 19th century map of the Dutch East Indies on four sheets, detailing maritime routes around the region. There are also inset maps showing railways, rivers, roads, and telegraph systems, as well as individual islands and cities.

Six-sheet map of the Malay Peninsula, featuring settlements, mountains and rivers. Labels note names of indigenous peoples, or describe terrain/resources. There is an inset map of Singapore town, and the Straits Settlements are highlighted in red.

A map of Southeast Asia coloured to indicate the five different language families spoken in the region in the late 19th century. Names of indigenous tribes/languages are marked in red text, with European colonial possessions in grey.

Map of the Minahasa and East peninsulas of Celebes (Sulawesi) focusing on the road system (shown by red lines). There are four inset maps, including one showing indigenous tribal areas, and a list of places with their latitude, longitude and height.

This detailed map of Java and Madura covers four sheets, showing natural features (mountains, lakes, rivers, bays), residential areas (cities, towns, villages) and routes (railways, roads, sea routes). An inset map shows telegraph lines and offices.

Four-sheet topographic map of the mountainous residency of Madioen (Madiun, East Java), divided into regencies (pink borders) and districts (yellow borders). Crops—sugarcane, alang-alang, rice, coffee—sugar factories and coffee warehouses are shown.

Map of Java divided into administrative areas (‘residencies’). Telegraph lines, railways (including those under construction) and postal routes are marked. Around the coasts, the routes of steamships are shown, with journey distances in miles.