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On this map of India and Southeast Asia, borders are outlined and cities underlined in different colours to show the colonial territories of the European powers. Independent states such as Birma, Siam and Annam are also marked.

On this map of India and Southeast Asia, borders are outlined and cities underlined in different colours to show the colonial territories of the European powers. Independent states such as Birma, Siam and Annam are also marked.

On this map of India and Southeast Asia, borders are outlined and cities underlined in different colours to show the colonial territories of the European powers: British, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, French and Danish.

On this map of India and Southeast Asia, borders are outlined and cities underlined in different colours to show the colonial territories of the European powers: British, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, French and Danish.

Southeast Asia is shown on sheets two and three of this 12-sheet map of the Indian and Pacific oceans, including detailed inset maps of the straits of Singapore, Bangka, Gaspar and Sunda, with bathymetry (sea depth), shoals, reefs, anchorages etc.

On this map of Southeast Asia, British colonial territory is highlighted within red borders: the Straits Settlements (Singapore, Malacca and Penang) on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula; and British Burma (Chittagong and Aracan, and Tenasserim).

Maritime routes had to be adjusted in response to the changing monsoon seasons, as is seen on this late 18th century map of the Indian Ocean. Drawings of the heads of children blowing—called ‘wind-heads’—are used to indicate wind direction.

On this map of Asia, Borneo is labelled ‘The Inland Part of this Island is inhabited by the Biayos a savage People’, a description seen on many contemporary maps. The ancient kingdoms of mainland Southeast Asia are also shown.

On this map of Asia, Borneo is labelled ‘The Inland Part of this Island is inhabited by the Biayos a savage People’, a description seen on many contemporary maps. The ancient kingdoms of mainland Southeast Asia are also shown.

On this map, mainland Southeast Asia is divided into regions such as Cochin China, Ciampa and Tunquin (modern Vietnam), Siam (Thailand), Pegu, Aracan and Ava (Myanmar), Malacca (Malaysia), Laos and Cambodia. Rivers and settlements are also shown.

On this map, mainland Southeast Asia is divided into regions such as Cochin China, Ciampa and Tunquin (modern Vietnam), Siam (Thailand), Pegu, Aracan and Ava (Myanmar), Malacca (Malaysia), Laos and Cambodia. Rivers and settlements are also shown.

On this map, mainland Southeast Asia is divided into regions such as Cochin China, Ciampa and Tunquin (modern Vietnam), Siam (Thailand), Pegu, Aracan and Ava (Myanmar), Malacca (Malaysia), Laos and Cambodia. Rivers and settlements are also shown.