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This late 19th century map of Southeast Asia shows the best maritime routes around the region, according to the time of year. There are also inset maps highlighting the rivers and southern islands of Singapore, and the sea depth around Labuan Island.

Map of Burma spread over two sheets, labelled with the names of indigenous ‘tribes’ (uppercase red text), mountains, rivers, forests and plantations (teak, bamboo, sappanwood).

Map of the Dutch colonial administrative regions of Bezoeki (Besuki) and Banjoewangi (Banyuwangi), on Java. Includes an elevation view of the mountains. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

Map of the Dutch colonial administrative region of the island of Billiton (Belitung). The population is listed by race, and tin production by year. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

A hand-drawn plan for improvements to the pier at the port in Batavia (Jakarta), showing profiles of stone and concrete walls/buttresses to be built along the sides of the ‘Haven Kanaal [Harbour Canal]’. Blue lines on the profiles mark water level.

Map of the Dutch colonial administrative region (regency) of Magelang, Java, with a list of places—mountains, villages—with their height above sea level. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

Map of the Dutch colonial administrative region (residency) of Kediri, Java. A list gives heights above sea level of some of the area’s mountains and villages. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

Map of the administrative department of Ngrowo, Java. A list gives heights above sea level of some mountains and villages, and a note locates a sugar factory. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

Hachures—short lines/dashes that give a sense of the shape and steepness of terrain—are used to show the mountains of Sumatra’s west coast, and of the Padang Highlands and Lowlands. Text lists the heights of some of the region’s chief mountains.

Detailed map of Java based on the expeditions of the geologist and botanist Dr. Franz Junghuhn. There are 16 inset maps featuring volcanoes, mountains and coal seams.

Detailed map of Java based on the expeditions of the geologist and botanist Dr. Franz Junghuhn. There are 16 inset maps featuring volcanoes, mountains and coal seams.

Map of the Banda Islands, with a volcano on Goenong Api, two forts (‘Ft. Belgica’ and ‘Ft. Nassau’) on Neira, and a list of the heights of the mountains. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)