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Map of the Malay Peninsula divided into States, with names of local peoples marked (e.g. ‘Inhabited by Sakai & Semang’). Lighthouses are shown around the coast—including Horsburgh Lighthouse and Raffles Lighthouse—with their visible distance.

Map of the Malay Peninsula divided into States, with names of local peoples marked (e.g. ‘Inhabited by Sakai & Semang’). Lighthouses are shown around the coast—including Horsburgh Lighthouse and Raffles Lighthouse—with their visible distance.

A map recording five Dutch expeditions through the Karo Lands of northern Sumatra. The mountainous terrain is represented by contour lines, with peaks’ heights marked. The names of groups of the indigenous Karo people are shown in large letters.

Map of the lands of the Pakpak people, an ethnic group of Batak people of northern Sumatra. The names of various sub-ethnic groups—Siem Siem (Pakpak Simsim), Pegagan (Pakpak Pegagan), Kepas (Pakpak Keppas)—are marked to show their territories.

A map recording five Dutch expeditions through the Karo Lands of northern Sumatra. The mountainous terrain is represented by contour lines, with peaks’ heights marked. The names of groups of the indigenous Karo people are shown in large letters.

Map of the crops—coconut, alang-alang, rice, nipa palm, bamboo—grown along the Mempawah River (west coast of Borneo). There are also large areas of swampy forest, Malay mosques, shrines and graveyards, and Chinese villages, temples and graveyards.

Hand-drawn map of the design of a drinking water pipeline for the city of Cheribon (Cirebon) on the northern coast of Java. Roads, rivers, rice paddies and other fields are shown. The written notes include the city’s population figures by ethnicity.

The Straits Settlements are in red, with the rest of the map marked with names of local peoples (‘Inhabited by the Johor Jakuns’) and resources (mines). Many areas are left blank or vague as unexplored or approximate. Inset map of Singapore city.

The Straits Settlements are in red, with the rest of the map marked with names of local peoples (‘Inhabited by the Johor Jakuns’) and resources (mines). Many areas are left blank or vague as unexplored or approximate. Inset map of Singapore city.

Six-sheet map of the Malay Peninsula, featuring settlements, mountains and rivers. Labels note names of indigenous peoples, or describe terrain/resources. There is an inset map of Singapore town, and the Straits Settlements are highlighted in red.

Map of the Minahasa and East peninsulas of Celebes (Sulawesi) focusing on the road system (shown by red lines). There are four inset maps, including one showing indigenous tribal areas, and a list of places with their latitude, longitude and height.

Map of the Dutch colonial administrative region of the island of Billiton (Belitung). The population is listed by race, and tin production by year. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)