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The Lesser Sunda Islands are shown spread over these three late 19th century maps. Each island is divided into local administrative districts, with cities, mountains and routes marked. Shoals, lighthouses and anchor points are shown at the coasts.

Topographic map of the island of Lombok in the Lesser Sunda Islands, with terrain shown by contour lines. Administrative districts, villages, routes, forests and crops (rice, coconut, coffee, banana, alang-alang, bamboo, Javanese pine) are marked.

Map of southern Lombok in the Lesser Sunda Islands, including the capital city Mataram, other settlements, routes and crops/plantations—rice, coconut, tea, coffee, banana, alang-alang, bamboo, arenga palm—with more mountainous regions to the north.

A map of the island of Lombok divided into administrative districts. Rivers, roads and paths, forests and mountains, anchor points, and crops—rice, coconut, coffee, banana, alang-alang, bamboo, casuarina (Javanese pine)—are marked.

Map of southern Lombok in the Lesser Sunda Islands, including the capital city Mataram, other settlements, routes and crops/plantations—rice, coconut, tea, coffee, banana, alang-alang, bamboo, arenga palm—with more mountainous regions to the north.

A map of Mataram in the late 19th century showing it as a kampong (village) surrounded by paddy fields (rectangular parcels of land for growing rice). The map’s whole area is now just part of what is the largest city on the island on Lombok.

Two maps of Lombok (Lesser Sunda Islands) from the time of the Dutch intervention which led to the colonisation of the island. Both maps focus on roads: the first covers the whole island; the second focuses on the capital city of Mataram.

This map of Lombok, in the Lesser Sunda Islands, mainly focuses on roads (marked in red) between the larger settlements. Mountains and rivers are also marked, with shoals, reefs and anchor points around the coast.

This map is colour-coded to show the different languages and dialects spoken in the Lesser Sunda Islands in the late 19th century.

A mid-19th century map of Celebes (Sulawesi) and the Lesser Sunda Islands, divided into colour-coded administrative districts.

A navigation map of the Java Sea and Sunda Islands, with bathymetry (sea depth), maritime routes, shoals and reefs, and elevations (side views of terrestrial landmarks). Inset maps feature the bay at Batavia and the straits between the Sunda Islands.

A navigation map of the Java Sea and Sunda Islands, with bathymetry (sea depth), maritime routes, shoals and reefs, and elevations (side views of terrestrial landmarks). Inset maps feature the bay at Batavia and the straits between the Sunda Islands.