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The Lesser Sunda Islands are shown spread over these three late 19th century maps. Each island is divided into local administrative districts, with cities, mountains and routes marked. Shoals, lighthouses and anchor points are shown at the coasts.

This map of Lombok, in the Lesser Sunda Islands, mainly focuses on roads (marked in red) between the larger settlements. Mountains and rivers are also marked, with shoals, reefs and anchor points around the coast.

Fifty-seven separate maps of bays, roadsteads—a body of water sheltered from tides/currents—and anchor points around the Lesser Sunda Islands. Landmarks, lighthouses, bathymetry (sea depth), shoals, reefs and other obstructions are marked.

Map of the island of Soembawa (Sumbawa) featuring an inset map of the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora, and an elevation showing heights of mountains. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

Although this map’s title refers to the south-western islands of the Banda Islands, it actually focuses on the Lesser Sunda Islands, including Flores, Sumba and Timor. The islands feature mountains and jungle, with shoals and reefs around the coasts.

Hand-drawn portolan (nautical) chart of the Lesser Sunda Islands, featuring a rhumbline network (the web of interconnected lines), shoals, reefs, elevations (side views of landmark mountains), and names of coastal settlements, all to aid navigation.