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Map of the Dutch colonial administrative region (residency) of Samarang (Semarang, Java), with post offices and routes, a saw mill and a sugar factory marked. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

This map uses a variety of methods to aid navigation, including a rhumbline network (a web of lines to help plot routes). The numbers on the sea surface indicate depth (bathymetry), and the drawings of mountains (elevations) were used as landmarks.