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Map of Java divided into three provinces: West Java, Central Java and East Java. Major settlements and islands are named. Mountains are represented by hachures, short lines/dashes that give a sense of the shape and steepness of terrain.

Map of Java divided into three provinces: West Java, Central Java and East Java. Major settlements and islands are named. Mountains are represented by hachures, short lines/dashes that give a sense of the shape and steepness of terrain.

On this map of Sumatra, the west coast mountain ranges contrast with the rivers to the east. An inset map of Singapore focuses on jungles along the coasts, and features bathymetry (sea depth) around the south coast and along the Singapore Strait.

This mid-18th century maritime map charts the seas between Peninsula Malaysia and Sumatra, including Singapore—named ‘Po. Panjang’—with the old and new Straits of Singapore marked. The numbers indicate sea depth (bathymetry).

Hand-drawn portolan (nautical) chart, featuring a rhumbline network (the web of interconnected lines), bathymetry (sea depth), shoals and reefs, and names of coastal settlements, all to aid navigation. With a colourful compass rose.