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A late 18th century navigation map of the waters between the islands of Java, Madura and Bali. The web of lines is a rhumbline network, the numbers indicate sea depth (bathymetry), and there is an inset map of the Bay of Ballambouang, Java.

On this map of Java, mountains are shown pictorially and labelled with their name. The coasts are marked with shoals, reefs, bathymetry (sea depth, in figures) and anchor points. The land is divided into administrative districts.

On this map of Java, mountains are shown pictorially and labelled with their name. The coasts are marked with shoals, reefs, bathymetry (sea depth, in figures) and anchor points. The land is divided into administrative districts.

On this beautifully illustrated and coloured map of Java, mountains, trees, fields of crops and settlements are shown pictorially. The coasts are marked with shoals, reefs, bathymetry (sea depth, in figures) and anchor points.

This early 18th century maritime map charts the waters between the islands of Java, Madura and Bally (Bali). The web of lines is a rhumbline network, while the numbers indicate sea depth (bathymetry), both used to aid navigation.

Java is shown as two separate islands on this map, with the western island named Sunda. The southern coast is labelled as ‘unknown’. A colourful cartouche is decorated with a painting of indigenous Javanese people meeting and trading with Europeans.

A map of the Java Sea between Java, Sumatra and Borneo. The web of lines is a rhumbline network, used to aid navigation. The cartouche and scale are decorated with paintings of Asian people and mythical creatures including cherubs.

Two pages from ‘Rerum et urbis Amstelodamensium historia’ by Johannes Pontanus, featuring a drawing of the attack on Madura by the ships of the Dutch merchant seaman Cornelis de Houtman, in revenge for an unrelated pirate attack.