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A map charting the effects of the 1883 Krakatoa volcanic eruption: a red circle where the eruption was heard; black lines showing the hourly spread of the resulting waves; and a list of ships on which ash fell, or that encountered pumice (with date).

On this hand-drawn and coloured map of Asia, the colours differentiate the colonial territories of the European powers: for example, New Guinea is divided into Dutch, British and German areas, and Borneo is split between the British and Dutch.

From August Petermann's ‘Geographische Mittheilungen’, this map of New Guinea and neighbouring islands is marked with a maritime route from the western tip of New Guinea that is labelled ‘from Batavia to Hong Kong in 35 days’ and dated 1846.

This detailed map of the Dutch East Indies in the mid-19th century contains a great deal of information: topographical details, settlements and administrative areas, roads, railways and maritime routes, telegraph lines, inset maps etc.

This mid-19th century map of Asia has colour-coded borders that show the beginnings of the emergence of the modern nation states of Southeast Asia, such as Laos, Burmah (Burma), Siam (Thailand) and Malaya (Malaysia).

Map of the Dutch colonial administrative regions (residencies) of the Moluccas (Maluku Islands), with Celebes (Sulawesi) and New Guinea. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

Atlas featuring over 60 detailed maps of the Dutch East Indies: 24 maps cover Java; the remainder cover the rest of the Dutch East Indies. There are three index maps. (All the maps in this atlas are also presented separately on this platform.)

Map of Dutch colonial territory in New Guinea and nearby islands, featuring the 1850 route of the Dutch schooner Circe under Lieutenant Brutel de la Rivière. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

Map featuring two maritime routes by Dutch explorers along the north coast of New Guinea: Jacob Le Maire and Willem Schouten (1616); and Abel Tasmanin (1648). (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

This mid-19th century map of Southeast Asia is illustrated with drawings of indigenous people from New Guinea, a ‘bee bear’ (probably a sun bear), a sailboat in front of Victoria Mount in New Guinea, and a village and palm trees in Sarawak, Borneo.

On the main map, the volcanic regions of Southeast Asia are labelled, active and extinct volcanos are marked, and the 1815 eruption of Tumbora (Mount Tambora on Sumbawa) is highlighted. Even more details are shown on an inset map of Southeast Asia.

Chart of the Indian Ocean, showing climate and weather-related data, including around the seas and straits of Southeast Asia where trade routes are marked, along with monsoon and typhoon regions, and currents during the different monsoon seasons.