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Mountains and rivers are the main land features on this map of the Philippines. Steamship routes from Hong Kong, Singapore and New York arrive at Manila. An inset map of Manila Province shows locations of the Philippine–American War (1899–1902).

Two maritime routes—for use during the North-east and ‘fair’ monsoons—are shown on this late 19th century navigation map. The routes lead north through Southeast Asia, passing the Philippines, and ending in Hong Kong. Bathymetry (sea depth) is shown.

A map of the northern Philippine islands with a rhumbline network, a web of lines to aid navigation. Bathymetry (sea depth), shoals and reefs are marked, reinforcing the maritime theme. The compass rose points left, indicating north’s direction.

A mid-17th century hand-drawn map concentrating on the Philippine islands between Luzon and Mindanao. Many are named, and shoals and reefs marked around their coasts. The azimuthal projection of the map focuses at the center of the archipelago.