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This map of Borneo is divided between two residencies of the Dutch East Indies (Residentie Westerafdeeling van Borneo and Residentie Zuider en Oosterafdeeling van Borneo), and the British protectorates of Sarawak and British North Borneo.

This map of Borneo is divided between two residencies of the Dutch East Indies (Residentie Westerafdeeling van Borneo and Residentie Zuider en Oosterafdeeling van Borneo), and the British protectorates of Sarawak and British North Borneo.

Navigation map of the southern part of the South China Sea, including the straits of Malacca and Singapore, and the Riau Archipelago. Bathymetry (sea depth), lighthouses, shoals and other obstructions are marked, with hills to use as landmarks.

Map marking the border (in orange) agreed between British and Dutch territory on Borneo in 1891. Alternative borders are shown: according to the Dutch (blue), according to the British North Borneo Society (yellow) and proposed by the British (green).

Map marking the border (in orange) agreed between British and Dutch territory on Borneo in 1891. Alternative borders are shown: according to the Dutch (blue), according to the British North Borneo Society (yellow) and proposed by the British (green).

Map of the Dutch colonial administrative region (residency) of Riouw (Riau) focusing on the islands and sea passages, with bathymetry (sea depth) marked. (From ‘Algemeene Atlas van Nederlandsche Indie [General Atlas of the Dutch East Indies]’.)

The illustration on this map highlights the wealth of the Asian trade routes, with merchants wearing colourful and elaborate robes presenting valuable treasures to a royal figure. A monkey, tortoise and camel emphasise the 'exoticism' of Asia.