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The United States Treasury Department produced this map of trade routes crossing the Pacific Ocean between the United States and Asia. Each route is labelled with the names of its ports, and with the distance between them in miles.

Map of part of the east coast of the Gulf of Papua, with river mouths, shoals, bathymetry (water depth). On land, notes on terrain (‘Hills 100 to 150 ft. high’), land (‘Good soil’), vegetation (‘Nipa and Sago Palms’) and people (‘Ipikoi Tribe’).

Very detailed six-sheet map of eastern New Guinea, with numerous inset maps of bays and islands, and other inset maps covering ethnography, explorers of the region, marine routes across the Pacific Ocean, cannibalism, missionaries activity etc.

Map of parts of Fergusson and Normanby islands (east coast of New Guinea). Bathymetry (sea depth), reefs and shoals are marked, along with landmarks (mountains, villages, trees). Territories of two indigenous tribes—the Subia and Manayaya—are shown.

Navigation map of Kaiser-Wilhelmsland, in German New Guinea. It features bathymetry (sea depth), reefs and shoals, lighthouses (coloured red and yellow) and landmark mountains. A boundary divides German and British colonial territories on New Guinea.

Map of British New Guinea with notes on the terrain (‘Low country’), vegetation (‘Mangrove, Nipa and Fan Palms’), crops (‘Small plantations Sugar cane & Taro’), coastal features (‘Coral and Sand flats) and people (‘Friendly tribe’, ‘Dariamo Tribe’).

Three maps on one sheet of the Fly River in British New Guinea, from the mouth to where it meets the Palmer River. Bathymetry (water depth) and sandbanks are marked at the mouth and landmarks—hills, vegetation, villages—are noted along the length.

Map of an expedition along two rivers on the southern coast of British New Guinea, with notes of terrain (‘Undulating country’), vegetation (‘Coconut Palms’) and wildlife (‘Flying Foxes’). More details have been added by hand (‘Ridge about 10ft.’).

Three maps of the Caroline Islands. One shows colonised areas in Southeast Asia: Dutch East Indies; British North Borneo, British New Guinea; German New Guinea; Philippines (Spain); Portuguese Timor. The route of the Challenger expedition is marked.

A late 19th century map of the Dutch East Indies on four sheets, detailing maritime routes around the region. There are also inset maps showing railways, rivers, roads, and telegraph systems, as well as individual islands and cities.

This late 19th century map of Southeast Asia shows the best maritime routes around the region, according to the time of year. There are also inset maps highlighting the rivers and southern islands of Singapore, and the sea depth around Labuan Island.

From August Petermann's ‘Geographische Mittheilungen’, this map of New Guinea and neighbouring islands is marked with a maritime route from the western tip of New Guinea that is labelled ‘from Batavia to Hong Kong in 35 days’ and dated 1846.