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Map of the French military advance on the city of Lang-Son in February 1885 during the Sino-French War, and the following month’s humiliating retreat which brought an end to the war, and triggered the collapse of the French government.

Map of the city of Hué (Huế) on the Perfume River, east coast of Vietnam. There are forts, villages and rice fields along the river. In the city, there is the royal palace within walls and a moat, French military barracks and other colonial areas.

Map showing the French protectorate territories of mainland Southeast Asia: Annam, Tongking and French Cochin China (modern Vietnam) and Cambodia. Some parts of Siam (Thailand) and Laos are also shown.

Map of Phu-Sa, a village to the northeast of the city of Sơn Tây (Vietnam), during the Tonkin campaign. It shows French troop positions (on the right, in red) before they attacked the defences of the China-backed Black Flag Army at Phu-Sa