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This map of Groot-Atjeh (Aceh, northern Sumatra) focuses on the area in and around the city of Kota Radja (Banda Aceh) during the Aceh War. It shows current and former Dutch military fortifications, inhabited and abandoned villages, and rice paddies.

A mid-19th century map of the city of Soerabaija (Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia) showing its recently built defences, including the ‘Citadel Prins Hendrik’ fort and a walled moat. Outside the city are villages, plantations and fields.

A mid-19th century map of the important port of Batavia (Jakarta), with its pier, commercial centre and residential streets. However, the city is also surrounded by villages (kampongs), fields and plantations. An inset map shows Batavia Castle.