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The Aceh War (1873–1904) between the Sultanate of Aceh and Dutch colonists is highlighted on this map of Groot-Atjeh in 1876. Flag symbols mark the locations of Dutch troops, while a red line records the route marched by ‘agitating troops’ in 1875-6.

The Straits Settlements are in red, with the rest of the map marked with names of local peoples (‘Inhabited by the Johor Jakuns’) and resources (mines). Many areas are left blank or vague as unexplored or approximate. Inset map of Singapore city.

The Straits Settlements are in red, with the rest of the map marked with names of local peoples (‘Inhabited by the Johor Jakuns’) and resources (mines). Many areas are left blank or vague as unexplored or approximate. Inset map of Singapore city.

The Aceh War (1873–1904) between the Sultanate of Aceh and Dutch colonists is highlighted on this map of Groot-Atjeh in 1876. Flag symbols mark the locations of Dutch troops, while a red line records the route marched by ‘agitating troops’ in 1875-6.

Map of the city of Malang, Java, featuring the railway station, military camp, hospital, market etc. The surrounding area has villages, rivers and crops: rice (paddy) fields, coffee, alang-alang, bamboo. Red numbers represent height above sea-level.

A late 19th century map depicting a route from Hanoi to That-Khe via Lang-Son (in northern Vietnam, near the border with China at Kouang-Si (Guangxi)). Two inset maps feature plans of military forts, villages, rivers and fields along the route.

Two plans of Fort New Victoria in Ambon, Maluku Islands. There is a pier at the front of the fort which projects into Ambon Bay. In the second plan, the fort has seven bastions and a moat at the rear.

Multiple maps from the Aceh War, spread over 12 sheets. Includes maps of fortifications, trenches, battle formations; building plans, including the Aceh Sultan’s palace; topographic maps; and drawings of a ‘kotta mara’ (fortified raft).

This map of Groot-Atjeh (Aceh, northern Sumatra) focuses on the area in and around the city of Kota Radja (Banda Aceh) during the Aceh War. It shows current and former Dutch military fortifications, inhabited and abandoned villages, and rice paddies.

Map of the coastline of the bay of Batavia (Jakarta) showing the extension of the port’s pier (in red, labelled CD), the sand and mud bank and bathymetry (sea depth) in the bay, and notes regarding changes in tide levels over the years.

A mid-19th century map of the city of Soerabaija (Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia) showing its recently built defences, including the ‘Citadel Prins Hendrik’ fort and a walled moat. Outside the city are villages, plantations and fields.

A mid-19th century map of the important port of Batavia (Jakarta), with its pier, commercial centre and residential streets. However, the city is also surrounded by villages (kampongs), fields and plantations. An inset map shows Batavia Castle.