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This mid-19th century map of Asia has colour-coded borders that show the beginnings of the emergence of the modern nation states of Southeast Asia, such as Laos, Burmah (Burma), Siam (Thailand) and Malaya (Malaysia).

A sketch of the river networks discharging into the Gulf of Siam (Gulf of Thailand), derived from the observations of mid-19th century American missionaries. Settlements along the rivers are noted, as are areas where sugarcane was grown.